 |
Patient Care - Hospital Diets
The
choice of the appropriate diet is often neglected, although it has become the
determining factor in the patient quality of care.
DIET
ALIMENTARY TRACT OR INTERFERE WITH STOMACH ACTION (ULCER). THE
CONSISTENCY AND TEXTURE OF THE DIET MAY BE MODIFIED WITH CLEAR LIQUID, FULL
LIQUID, SOFT, MECHANICAL, SOFT, PUREED, LOW RESIDUE,, HIGH FIBER, AND BLAND
DIETS.
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF DIET?
1) REGULAR DIET
THE REGULAR DIET OR FULL HOSPITAL DIET IS THE SAME FOOD AS THOSE
SERVED AT THE FAMILY MEALS IN THE HOME.
2) THE SOFT DIET
SPECIAL DIETS THAT ARE DESIGNED TO MEET THE NEEDS OF SPECIFIC PATIENTS HAVING
SPECIFIC CONDITIONS. IT INCLUDES FOOD EASY TO DIGEST: SEMI-SOLID FOODS(SOFT
BOILED EGG, COOKED VEGETABLES, COOKED CEREALS, APPLESAUCE, ETC.
3) THE LIQUID DIET
THE LIQUID DIET IS MADE UP OF FLUIDS THAT ARE CLEAR AND FREE FROM RESIDUE. IT
IS USED FOLLWING SURGERY, WHEN THERE NAUSEA, VOMITING, ABDOMINAL DISTENTION OR
DIARRHEA. IT CAN NOT REPLACE LOSS OF BODY FLUIDS OR NOURISH A PATIENT ( COFFEE,
THE, BROTHS, COLA)
4) THE FULL LIQUID DIET
IT IS ALMOST THE SAME AS LIQUID DIET, IT CAN NOT NOURISH A PATIENT MAY BE USED
FOR A GREATER PERIOD OF TIME. IT INCLUDES: JELLO, ICE CREAM, BROTHS, EGGNOGGS,
FRUIT JUICES.
5) HIGH CALORIE DIET
HIGH CALORIE DIET IS USED FOR PATIENTS WITH : FEVERS INFECTIONS UNDERWEIGHT
MALNUTRITION BEFORE SURGERY
6) LOW CALORY DIET
LOW CALORY DIET IS USED FOR PATIENTS WHO ARE OVERWEIGHT(OBESE), ELDERLY, OR WHO
HAVE SOME TYPE OF CHRONIC HEART CONDITION.
7) THE BLAND DIET
THE BLAND DIET IS ONE THAT IS LOW IN RESIDUE AND FREE FROM FOODS THAT ARE
IRRITATING TO THE DIGESTIVE TRACT. IT IS USED FOR PATIENTS WITH: GATRITIS
STOMACH OR INTESTINAL ULCERS ENTERITITIS DIARRHEA INFECTION OF DIGESTIVE TRACT.
8) THE HIGH RESIDUE DIET
IT IS A NORMAL DIET WITH WITH ADDED AMOUNTS OF FRUITS, VEGETABLES, WHOLE GRAIN
CEREALS. - IT IS PRESCRIBED FOR ATONIC CONTIPATION (LACK OF MUSCULAR TONE) - IT
IS NOT PRESCRIBED FOR SPASTIC CONSTIPATION WHICH IS CAUSED BY IRRITATION
TENSION, OVERSTIMULATION OR OVERDOSAGE WITH CATHARTIC. LOW RESIDUE IS
PRESCRIBED FOR SPASTIC CONSTIPATION.
9) THE LOW SODIUM (NA) DIET
THERE IS NO SUCH THING AS " SALT FREE" DIET. ALL FOODS HAVE A NATURAL SALT
CONTENT OF VARYING AMOUNTS. LOW NA DIET IS PRESCRIBED TO REDUCE EDEMA, IT CAN
BE RESTRICTED IN CASES OF OBESITY AND HYPERTENTION. LOW SALT DIET SALT IS
RESTRICTED TO THAT NORMALLY FOUND IN FOOD.
10) THE DIABETIC DIET
DIABETES IS A DISEASE OF THE METABOLISM OF THE BODY. THE BODY IS UNABLE TO USE
GLUCOSE BECAUSE OF LACK OF INSULIN. THE TREATMENT FOR DIABETES CONSISTS MAINLY
OF DIET CONTROL AND INSULIN THERAPY. THE TWO MUST BE BALANCED. THE DOCTOR BASES
HIS ORDERS FOR INSULIN AND DIET ON THE WEIGHT, AGE ACTIVITY AND CONDITION OF
THE PATIENT.
11) THE PROTEIN DIET
HIGH PROTEIN DIET IT INCLUDES CHEESE , MILK,EGGS, MEAT AND POULTRY. IT IS
PRESCRIBED FOR CHILDREN WHO NEED ADDED PROTEIN FOR GROWTH. FOR LIVER DISEASES
AND CERTAIN KIDNEY DISTURBANCES IN WHICH PROTEIN IS EXCRETED EXCESSIVELY AS IN
ALBUMINURIA. CELIAC DISEASE MALNUTRITION KWASIORKOR) NEPHROSIS(DEGENARATION OF
THE KIDNEYS) LOW PROTEIN DIET THE PROTEIN INTAKE IS MINIMAL. IT IS ORDERED IN
CHRONIC NEPHRITIS. LOW PURINE PURINES ARE NITROGEN- CONTAINING SUBSTANCES FOUND
IN THE BLOOD OR URINE AS URIC ACID WHEN THE PROTEIN METABOLISM IS DISTURBED.
THIS DIET IS ORDERED FOR GOUT. FOODS TO AVOID IN LOW PRURINE DIETS ARE: LIVER,
BRAINS, KIDNEYS, ALCOHOL.
|
|
|