Treating Opportunistic Infections Among HIV-Infected Adults and Adolescents      The practice of quarantine coincides with the beginning of the black plague epidemics in 1347. The Italian coastal was very active in commerce. They have established a trading post in Caffa on the shores of the black sea. The same year, the barbarian laid siege on the town thus contributing to many casualties. In 5 years, 25 million individuals were killed, half of the European population or the third of the world population. Reports have shown an estimated 100,000 deaths in Venice, 25,000 deaths in Lyon and in Paris, 50,000. About 50,000 deaths a day were registered at the Hotel Dieu hospital. Physicians and other healthcare agents were yet to find a plan of care for the survival of the population. Fear arose within the population because the people were the germs carrier. The religious and the convents were closed. Because of the urgency, the pope gave authorization to dissect the cadavers to discover the causative agent. There was no absolution administered to the dying individuals.       The year of 1350 was declared: “the Holy year” One million, two hundred thousand people left on pilgrimage to Rome to implore God’s indulgence of which, only one hundred thousands survived. Until 1760, Europe had experienced many contagious cases. Ever since, ships arriving in Venice from infected ports were required to sit an anchor for forty days before landing. This practice is called quarantine. The Latin root QUARESMA for forty. (Public Health Service Examining Board, circa 1912.) In the United States sporadic cases of imported diseases were handled locally. The continued occurrence of yellow fever epidemics has unanimously implemented the creation of Federal Quarantine Legislation by Congress in 1878. The recurrence of cholera from abroad in 1892, the law was amended to allow the Federal Government more authority in imposing quarantine requirements. By 1921, all stations became nationalized under Federal control. In 1944, with codification of the Public Health Service Act, the Federal Government's quarantine authority was clearly established for the first time. (PHS Quarantine Station, Miami, Florida (1956)) The Public Health Service Act gave the U.S. Public Health Service responsibility for preventing the introduction, transmission, and spread of communicable diseases from foreign countries into the United States. Under its delegated authority, the Division of Global Migration and Quarantine is empowered to detain, medically examine, or conditionally release individuals and wildlife suspected of carrying a communicable disease. The list of quarantinable diseases is contained in an Executive Order of the President and includes cholera, diphtheria, infectious tuberculosis, plague, smallpox, yellow fever, and viral hemorrhagic fevers etc. Nowadays, every country member or not of the United Nations must develop a national or internal quarantine to ascertain of its population survival and also a policy for the prevention and protection of their agricultural production.     With the International sanitary regulations signed in Boston on July the 25th, 1969, countries whose budgetary balance largely depend on their exportations products must abide to the international commerce agreement. HAITI, on the international table is ranked the poorest country in the western hemisphere.. They have inherited already deforested hillsides in a country to be 20% arable. Despite outside help, Haiti still suffers agricultural problems, made worse by soil erosion, and periodic hurricanes. The demographic population has expanded from 500,000 to more than 5 million individuals. Today, one fifth of the country’s total 2,775,000 hectares of land is arable flat and one seventh is arable mountainous terrain. We are living a standardized world, mass production with the Global economy. Haiti has yet to fulfill the world requirements, has failed to respond to the international sanitary regulations to exportations. The rare products that are passing inspection are minimal which makes the cost/benefit almost null. On many occasions, rejected during the fumigation test and they have to go back to the same process until they are admitted for exportation. HAITI being the poorest country is known whose production is insufficient to supply its consumer. Haiti is compelled to import all products from overseas. With a weak domestic gross product, In accordance with growing demographic rate contributing to the fall to the revenue per capita, implying a reduction of the buying power. Dairy herds found little chance for survival because of parasitic infestations. Food crops are grown primitively. The sugar, coffee and cocoa, at one time, dominated the international trade, are excluded from the market because of the non existing alimentary security and control by the government. In the perspectives of the liberation struggle, human rights are being violated, the words expression are simplified , justice is not being rendered, people are complaining of security. Because of the demographic explosion, the vital space is reduced while the cost of living is increasing ($1.00/45 gourdes) with a tendency to reach 70. Prof. Joseph Lafortune, M.D., Dean JLF University College of Medicine